Rplp0, also known as Ribosomal Protein Lateral Stalk Subunit P0, is a ribosomal protein. It is involved in fundamental biological processes such as cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Its functions may be related to multiple signaling pathways, though the exact ones are still being explored. Genetic models, especially KO/CKO mouse models, could potentially provide more insights into its in-depth functions [1,4].

In various disease-related studies, in PLAAT4-expressing or RPLP0-silenced cells, decreased cell viability, proliferation, and increased cell death were observed, indicating that RPLP0 deficiency might be involved in PLAAT4-mediated growth inhibition and cellular apoptosis [1]. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), reducing RPLP0 levels led to a decrease in HCC cell proliferation, clonality, invasion, migration, and xenograft tumor growth, as well as an increase in apoptosis [2]. In non-small-cell lung cancer, miR-4731-5p targeting RPLP0 enhanced apoptosis and alleviated epithelial-mesenchymal transition [3]. In gastric cancer, down-regulation of RPLP0 resulted in G1 arrest of gastric cancer cells [4].

In conclusion, Rplp0 plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis processes. Studies using loss-of-function models have revealed its significance in cancer-related biological processes, including in hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and gastric cancer, providing potential therapeutic targets for these diseases.