C57BL/6JCya-Drd3em1flox/Cya
Common Name:
Drd3-flox
Product ID:
S-CKO-02092
Background:
C57BL/6JCya
Product Type
Age
Genotype
Sex
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Basic Information
Strain Name
Drd3-flox
Strain ID
CKOCMP-13490-Drd3-B6J-VA
Gene Name
Product ID
S-CKO-02092
Gene Alias
D3R
Background
C57BL/6JCya
NCBI ID
Modification
Conditional knockout
Chromosome
16
Phenotype
Document
Application
--
Note: When using this mouse strain in a publication, please cite “C57BL/6JCya-Drd3em1flox/Cya mice (Catalog S-CKO-02092) were purchased from Cyagen.”
Strain Description
Ensembl Number
ENSMUST00000023390
NCBI RefSeq
NM_007877
Target Region
Exon 2
Size of Effective Region
~0.9 kb
Detailed Document
Overview of Gene Research
Drd3, the dopamine receptor D3 gene, encodes a G protein-coupled receptor that is a key component of the dopamine signaling pathway. Dopamine signaling is involved in numerous physiological and neurological processes, such as motor control, reward-based learning, and emotional regulation. The gene is highly expressed in the basal ganglia, most notably the caudate nucleus [1,4].
In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the SNP rs167771 of Drd3 has been associated with the disorder in samples from multiple regions. The polymorphisms of rs167771 are significantly linked to a specific repetitive and stereotyped behavior called sameness. Additionally, these polymorphisms are related to risperidone-induced extra-pyramidal side effects in ASD patients. Moreover, an association between alleles of the rs167771 SNP and the volume of striatal structures was found, with greater caudate nucleus volume correlating with stereotyped behavior [1,4].
In schizophrenia, the Ser9Gly polymorphism of Drd3 is associated with treatment response to antipsychotic drugs in Caucasians but not in Asians. The Ser allele and Ser/Ser genotype contribute to poor treatment response in Caucasians [2].
Early life stress (ELS)-induced downregulation of Drd3 signaling in the lateral septum causes social abnormalities in adulthood, and optogenetic or pharmacological activation of Drd3-expressing neurons in the lateral septum rescues these impairments [3].
In Parkinson's disease, the Drd3 Ser9Gly polymorphism might be associated with the severity of depression characterized by anhedonia [5].
In ADHD, the T allele of the Ser-9-Gly polymorphism in Drd3 shows a nominal association with increased risk for ADHD, response to placebo and methylphenidate, and modulation of other behavioral and cognitive dimensions. Also, COMT and Drd3 genetic variants may interact to play a role in ADHD symptomatology and response to treatment [6,7].
In conclusion, Drd3 plays a crucial role in various neurological and psychiatric conditions, including autism, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and ADHD. Through genetic studies and animal models, we have gained insights into how Drd3 polymorphisms and signaling alterations contribute to the pathophysiology of these diseases, which may potentially lead to the development of more targeted therapeutic strategies.
References：
1. Staal, Wouter G. 2014. Autism, DRD3 and repetitive and stereotyped behavior, an overview of the current knowledge. In European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 25, 1421-6. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.08.011. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224105/
2. Liu, Chuanyong, Xu, Xiaohong, Liu, Xiaoyan, Li, Yaoyao, Yan, Pan. 2022. DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism and treatment response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. In Neuroscience letters, 786, 136788. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136788. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35835396/
3. Shin, Sora, Pribiag, Horia, Lilascharoen, Varoth, Wang, Xiao-Yun, Lim, Byung Kook. 2017. Drd3 Signaling in the Lateral Septum Mediates Early Life Stress-Induced Social Dysfunction. In Neuron, 97, 195-208.e6. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.040. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29276054/
4. Staal, Wouter G, Langen, Marieke, van Dijk, Sarai, Mensen, Vincent T, Durston, Sarah. 2015. DRD3 gene and striatum in autism spectrum disorder. In The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 206, 431-2. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.148973. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25792691/
5. Zhi, Yan, Yuan, Yongsheng, Si, Qianqian, Zhang, Hui, Zhang, Kezhong. 2019. The Association between DRD3 Ser9Gly Polymorphism and Depression Severity in Parkinson's Disease. In Parkinson's disease, 2019, 1642087. doi:10.1155/2019/1642087. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31143436/
6. Fageera, Weam, Sengupta, Sarojini M, Labbe, Aurelie, Grizenko, Natalie, Joober, Ridha. 2018. DRD3 Gene and ADHD: A Pharmaco-Behavioural Genetic Study. In Neuromolecular medicine, 20, 515-524. doi:10.1007/s12017-018-8504-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30051166/
7. Fageera, Weam, Grizenko, Natalie, Sengupta, Sarojini M, Schmitz, Norbert, Joober, Ridha. 2020. COMT by DRD3 Epistatic Interaction in Modulating Behaviors in Children with ADHD: A Pharmaco-Dynamic Behavioral Approach. In Journal of attention disorders, 25, 1720-1730. doi:10.1177/1087054720934191. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32564645/
Quality Control Standard
Sperm Test
Pre-cryopreservation: Measurement of sperm concentration, determination of sperm viability.
Post-cryopreservation: A vial of cryopreserved sperms is selected for in-vitro fertilization from each batch.
Environmental Standards:SPF
Available Region:Global
Source:Cyagen