F7, also known as the coagulation factor VII gene, is crucial for blood coagulation. Mutations in this gene can lead to congenital factor VII deficiency, an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder [1,2,3,4].

Studies on patients with FVII deficiency have identified numerous gene mutations. In 40 Tunisian patients, 13 F7 gene mutations were found, with one being novel, and there was a wide phenotypic inter-individual variability [1]. A larger cohort study of 123 probands detected 48 mutations, 20 of which were not in international databases, and showed a correlation between mutation type and FVII:C levels, though not directly with bleeding tendency [2]. In 2 unrelated families, 4 compound heterozygous mutations were identified in 3 probands with FVII deficiency, including 3 novel ones [3]. In a Japanese patient, compound heterozygous mutations were found, with a novel mutation in the 5' promoter region reducing the binding of hepatocyte nuclear factor and thus FVII transcription [4].

In conclusion, F7 is essential for normal blood coagulation, and genetic studies of FVII-deficient patients have revealed the complexity of mutations in the F7 gene and their relationships with FVII levels and clinical phenotypes. Understanding these aspects can provide insights into the diagnosis and potential treatment of congenital factor VII deficiency.