EMID1, or EMI Domain Containing 1, is a gene with multifunctional properties. It may act as a matricellular protein, being involved in intracellular signaling such as enhancing cell growth via cell cycle promotion and suppressing cell motility, as well as extracellularly inhibiting cell-matrix adhesion [1]. Its functions might be related to Notch signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma [2].

Overexpression and knockdown studies in mouse tumor cell lines identified that EMID1 can enhance cell growth through cell cycle promotion and suppress cell motility intracellularly, and extracellularly secreted EMID1 inhibits cell-matrix adhesion. In normal adult human tissues, its expression is limited to chief cells of the gastric fundic gland and β cells of the pancreatic islets. In some human cancers, increased EMID1 expression is detected [1]. In lung adenocarcinoma, decreased EMID1 expression is associated with advanced stage, metastasis, and poor prognosis, and it is related to immune infiltration, with B cell infiltration positively correlated with its expression [2]. In breast cancer, high EMID1 protein expression is observed, and it is involved in regulating breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion [3].

In conclusion, EMID1 has diverse functions including effects on cell growth, motility, adhesion, and is involved in the pathogenesis of various cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma and breast cancer. Studies on EMID1 in mouse models have provided insights into its role in these biological processes and disease conditions, which may contribute to the development of new cancer treatment strategies.