Itgax, also known as CD11c, encodes integrin subunit alpha X. Integrins are a family of cell-surface receptors that play crucial roles in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Itgax is associated with various immune-related processes, and its expression is important in immune cells like macrophages, dendritic cells, and certain B-cell subsets [2,3,5].

In the context of age-associated B cells, the transcription factor ZEB2 targets Itgax, which is important for the specification and function of these cells, and ZEB2-driven ABC differentiation is relevant to B cell autoimmunity [1]. In atherosclerotic tissues, ITGAX was upregulated, and its interaction with PAX5 affected the proliferation and inflammation of human vascular smooth muscle cells, suggesting its role in the progression of atherosclerosis [3]. In melanoma cells, SERPINB8 and furin regulate ITGAX expression, and ITGAX significantly promotes the proliferation and invasion of these cells [4]. In gastric cancer, ITGAX enhanced cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenic capacity in mouse models, and promoted cancer progression through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway [5].

In conclusion, Itgax plays important roles in multiple biological processes and disease conditions. Studies using different models, including in vivo mouse models, have revealed its significance in autoimmunity, atherosclerosis, melanoma, and gastric cancer. Understanding the function of Itgax provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and may offer potential therapeutic targets.