Pla2g1b, or group 1B phospholipase A2, is a secreted enzyme. It catalyzes the hydrolytic removal of the sn-2 fatty acyl moiety from phospholipids, playing a key role in lipid metabolism. It is mainly synthesized in the pancreas and also expressed in the lung. Involved pathways include α-linolenic acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism. It has importance in metabolic, inflammatory processes, and anti-helminth responses [5].

In mouse models, Pla2g1b-/-mice showed lower postprandial glycemia due to enhanced postprandial glucose uptake by liver, heart, and muscle tissues and altered hepatic glucose metabolism. This was attributed to a decrease in dietary phospholipids absorbed as lysophospholipids, indicating its role in postprandial hyperglycemia regulation [6].

In addition, in vitro studies suggest that PLA2G1B may modulate lung inflammation. Also, it has been associated with various diseases. In HIV-infected patients, PLA2G1B synergizes with HIV gp41 to induce CD4 + T-cell anergy and may contribute to CD4 lymphopenia [2,3]. Bioinformatics and machine learning analysis indicate that PLA2G1B gene may be a preventive gene for lung cancer [1]. Genetic analysis in patients with non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis suggests that genetic alterations in PLA2G1B do not predispose to the development of this disease [4].

In conclusion, Pla2g1b is crucial for lipid metabolism-related processes like postprandial glucose regulation. Its role in diseases such as HIV-related immunodeficiency and potential preventive role in lung cancer are areas of significant interest. The use of gene-knockout mouse models has been instrumental in understanding its functions in metabolic and disease-related contexts.