Ranbp2, also known as Nup358, is a nucleoporin and a key component of the nuclear pore complex. It has multiple functions such as SUMOylation and regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport. Through these functions and its subcellular localizations (e.g., at the nuclear envelope, kinetochores, annulate lamellae), it is involved in many cellular processes [1].

Mutations in the RANBP2 gene are associated with acute necrotizing encephalopathy type 1 (ANE1). In ANE1 patients, there is a sharp rise in cytokine production in response to viral infection, leading to hyperinflammation, seizures, coma, and high mortality. Studies show that RanBP2 represses the translation of the interleukin 6 (IL6) mRNA, and its mutations may contribute to ANE1 by affecting this regulation [2,3]. Also, RanBP2-ALK fusion combined with monosomy 7 may be related to a unique clonal hematologic disorder of childhood and adolescence, characterized by myelomonocytic leukemia and a poor prognosis [4].

In conclusion, Ranbp2 is crucial for normal cellular function through its roles in the nuclear pore complex. The study of Ranbp2 in disease models, especially in relation to ANE1 and certain hematologic disorders, has provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases, which may potentially guide the development of new therapeutic strategies.