Rps29, a component of the small 40S ribosomal subunit, is essential for rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis [2]. It is involved in various biological processes and is associated with multiple pathways, such as those related to hematopoietic development and potentially insecticide resistance [1,3]. Genetic models like zebrafish have been valuable for studying its functions.

In zebrafish, rps29(-/-) embryos exhibit hematopoietic defects including decreased hematopoietic stem cells, red blood cell defects, and increased apoptosis in the head. These effects are mediated by p53, as a p53 mutation nearly completely rescues the rps29-related morphological and hematopoietic phenotypes [1]. In humans, mutations in RPS29 have been identified in families with Diamond-Blackfan anemia, leading to haploinsufficiency of RPS29 expression and defective erythropoiesis [2]. In mosquitoes, RPS29 regulates deltamethrin resistance by binding and degrading CYP6N3, a member of the CYP450 superfamily [3].

In conclusion, Rps29 is crucial for ribosome-related functions and plays significant roles in hematopoietic development and disease, as well as in insecticide resistance mechanisms. Studies using zebrafish models have provided key insights into the role of Rps29 in hematopoietic-related diseases like Diamond-Blackfan anemia, highlighting its importance in understanding these biological processes and disease conditions.