Tmem120a, also known as TACAN, is a transmembrane protein with proposed roles in ion channel regulation, mechanosensation, and lipid metabolism. It may be involved in sensing mechanical stimuli and pain, and has been implicated in adipocyte regulation and innate immune response against Zika virus [1].

In adipocyte-specific knockout mice, Tmem120a deficiency disrupts fat genome organisation, suppresses lipid metabolism pathway gene expression, and induces myogenic gene expression. This results in a lipodystrophy syndrome similar to human familial partial lipodystrophy FPLD2, with insulin resistance and metabolic defects upon exposure to an obesogenic diet [2]. In mice, Tmem120a knockout also facilitates Zika virus infection in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts, as TMEM120A promotes STING translocation and activation of downstream antiviral cytokines [3].

In conclusion, Tmem120a plays essential roles in multiple biological processes. Its functions in adipocyte regulation and antiviral defense are revealed through gene knockout mouse models. These studies contribute to understanding diseases related to lipodystrophy and Zika virus infection, potentially providing insights for treatment strategies.