C57BL/6JCya-Gls2em1flox/Cya
Common Name:
Gls2-flox
Product ID:
S-CKO-06000
Background:
C57BL/6JCya
Product Type
Age
Genotype
Sex
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Basic Information
Strain Name
Gls2-flox
Strain ID
CKOCMP-216456-Gls2-B6J-VA
Gene Name
Product ID
S-CKO-06000
Gene Alias
A330074B06Rik; GA; GLS; Lga
Background
C57BL/6JCya
NCBI ID
Modification
Conditional knockout
Chromosome
10
Phenotype
Document
Application
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Note: When using this mouse strain in a publication, please cite “C57BL/6JCya-Gls2em1flox/Cya mice (Catalog S-CKO-06000) were purchased from Cyagen.”
Strain Description
Ensembl Number
ENSMUST00000044776
NCBI RefSeq
NM_001033264
Target Region
Exon 2~7
Size of Effective Region
~3.0 kb
Detailed Document
Overview of Gene Research
Gls2, encoding glutamine synthase 2, is a key regulator of glutaminolysis [1,2,3,4]. Glutaminolysis is an important metabolic pathway, and Gls2's role in it has implications for various biological processes. Gls2 has been linked to pathways such as ferroptosis, a form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxide accumulation, and is also associated with glutamine-glutamate homeostasis [1,3].
Gls2 knockout (KO) mice have provided valuable insights. Gls2 KO mice develop late-occurring B-cell lymphomas and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), and in the hepatocarcinogenic STAM protocol, they produce larger HCC tumors than wild-type mice [1]. Gls2 deficiency in cells confers resistance to ferroptosis, as GLS2 promotes ferroptosis by increasing lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through facilitating the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (αKG) [1]. In breast cancer, contrary to its general tumor-suppressing role, GLS2 can be protumorigenic, with its knockdown decreasing cell proliferation and its overexpression linked to poor prognosis [5]. Also, Gls2-deficient mice develop accelerated atherosclerosis, suggesting its role in maintaining arterial wall structure through glutamine-glutamate homeostasis [3].
In conclusion, Gls2 has context-dependent functions in different disease areas. In cancer, it can act as a tumor suppressor by promoting ferroptosis in HCC, yet can be protumorigenic in breast cancer. In cardiovascular diseases, Gls2 is involved in preventing atherosclerosis by regulating artery wall remodeling. The study of Gls2 KO mouse models has significantly advanced our understanding of its role in these biological processes and diseases [1,3,5].
References:
1. Suzuki, Sawako, Venkatesh, Divya, Kanda, Hiroaki, Tanaka, Tomoaki, Prives, Carol. . GLS2 Is a Tumor Suppressor and a Regulator of Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In Cancer research, 82, 3209-3222. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-3914. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35895807/
2. Buczkowska, Joanna, Szeliga, Monika. 2023. Two Faces of Glutaminase GLS2 in Carcinogenesis. In Cancers, 15, . doi:10.3390/cancers15235566. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38067269/
3. Murcy, Florent, Borowczyk, Coraline, Gourion-Arsiquaud, Samuel, Shea, Steven, Yvan-Charvet, Laurent. 2024. GLS2 links glutamine metabolism and atherosclerosis by remodeling artery walls. In Nature cardiovascular research, 3, 1454-1467. doi:10.1038/s44161-024-00566-1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39562782/
4. De Los Santos-Jiménez, Juan, Campos-Sandoval, José A, Alonso, Francisco J, Márquez, Javier, Matés, José M. 2024. GLS and GLS2 Glutaminase Isoenzymes in the Antioxidant System of Cancer Cells. In Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 13, . doi:10.3390/antiox13060745. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38929183/
5. Dias, Marilia M, Adamoski, Douglas, Dos Reis, Larissa M, Ambrosio, Andre Luis Berteli, Dias, Sandra Martha Gomes. 2019. GLS2 is protumorigenic in breast cancers. In Oncogene, 39, 690-702. doi:10.1038/s41388-019-1007-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31541193/
Quality Control Standard
Sperm Test
Pre-cryopreservation: Measurement of sperm concentration, determination of sperm viability.
Post-cryopreservation: A vial of cryopreserved sperms is selected for in-vitro fertilization from each batch.
Environmental Standards:SPF
Available Region:Global
Source:Cyagen