TGFB2, also known as transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein, is a key member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family. The TGF-β signaling pathway, in which TGFB2 is involved, plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix production. Dysregulation of this pathway can lead to various diseases, including cancer and metabolic disorders [1,2,4].

In gastric cancer, HOXA10 promotes metastasis by enriching in the TGFB2 promoter region, enhancing its transcription and secretion, thus activating the TGFβ/Smad signaling and upregulating m6A level and METTL3 expression [1]. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, TGFB2, post-transcriptionally stabilized by METTL14-mediated m6A modification, promotes lipid accumulation through PI3K-AKT signaling, conferring gemcitabine resistance [2]. In triple-negative breast cancer, the lncRNA TGFB2-AS1 interacts with SMARCA4, leading to transcriptional repression of TGFB2, inhibiting TGFβ signaling and cancer stem-like cell traits [3]. In gastric cancer, TGFB2 may link epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor mutation burden (TMB), with high TGFB2 expression enriching the EMT pathway and low expression enriching TMB-related pathways [4].

In conclusion, TGFB2 is a significant gene in the TGF-β signaling pathway, playing important roles in cancer progression and drug resistance, such as in gastric, pancreatic, and breast cancers. Research on TGFB2-related mechanisms, especially through gene-targeted models in these disease areas, helps to understand the underlying molecular processes and provides potential therapeutic targets.