Pla2g4c, encoding cytosolic phospholipase A2-gamma (cPLA2-γ), is involved in phospholipid metabolism. It catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids, playing roles in cell membrane remodeling, prostaglandin production, and lipid droplet formation [3,4,5]. It is also associated with the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway [2].

Genome-wide association studies have identified a susceptibility locus in PLA2G4C for Multiple System Atrophy. The rs2303744 polymorphism leads to an amino acid substitution, and the MSA risk allele-encoded cPLA2γ-Ile143 isoform has decreased transacylase activity, potentially perturbing membrane phospholipids and α-synuclein biology [1]. In an experimental asthma murine model, the Pla2g4c/Ptgs2/Hpgds axis was augmented in bronchial smooth muscle tissues, suggesting a role in asthma-related airway hyperresponsiveness [2]. The rs1549637 (T > A) polymorphism in PLA2G4C is associated with a worse prognosis in stage II colorectal cancer patients [5]. Additionally, the rs251684 variant of PLA2G4C may be associated with autism spectrum disorder risk in the Northeast Han Chinese population [6].

In conclusion, Pla2g4c is essential in phospholipid-related biological functions. Studies on its genetic polymorphisms and associations with diseases like Multiple System Atrophy, asthma, colorectal cancer, and autism spectrum disorder enhance our understanding of the gene's role in disease mechanisms, potentially paving the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.