Kcnc2 encodes Kv3.2, a member of the voltage-gated potassium channel subfamily. It is crucial for generating fast-spiking properties in cortical GABAergic interneurons, thus playing a significant role in maintaining the excitation/inhibition balance in mammalian brains [1,3].

Recently, Kcnc2 variations have been associated with various forms of epilepsy, such as genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) [2,4]. Functional studies of Kcnc2 variants in Xenopus laevis oocytes and HEK293 cells have shown changes in current amplitude, activation and deactivation kinetics of the channel [2,3]. For example, some variants like p.Pro470Ser, p.Phe382Leu, and p.Val471Leu decrease channel activation and deactivation kinetics, and some variants also cause changes in channel conductance and voltage-dependent activation thresholds, ultimately leading to changes in neuronal firing frequency and disinhibiting neural networks [3].

In conclusion, Kcnc2 is essential for the proper functioning of GABAergic interneurons and the balance of neural excitation and inhibition. Studies of Kcnc2 variants in model systems have revealed its role in epilepsy-related diseases, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders and potentially guiding future treatment strategies for epilepsy patients with Kcnc2-related mutations.