PARP8, also known as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 8, is involved in multiple biological processes. Although the references don't elaborate on its core function, it may be related to DNA repair as suggested by its association with altitude adaptation in Tibetan and Dahe pigs where genes related to DNA repair were identified [2]. It may also play a role in immunogenic cell death as its down-regulation led to decreased cell proliferation and slower migration of uveal melanoma cells [6].

Genetic studies have identified PARP8 in various contexts. In human immunity, high-scoring signals of positive selection were detected at PARP8, and interactions with HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 were identified, suggesting its role in the immune response [1]. In prostate cancer, the deletion of PARP8 was correlated with progression-free survival independent of disease stage and Gleason prognostic group grade, indicating its potential as a prognostic marker [3]. In high myopia, a missense variant in PARP8 was detected, suggesting it as a new candidate disease-causing gene [4]. In leukemia, PARP8 was prioritized as a candidate target downstream of MLL-AF9 [5]. In severe acne, differential methylation and expression of PARP8 were found between severe acne and health control groups [7]. In differentiating latent from active tuberculosis in children, PARP8 was identified as one of the hub genes related to ferroptosis, potentially serving as a biomarker [8]. In ulcerative colitis, PARP8 was identified as one of the hub genes related to ferroptosis, capable of distinguishing UC patients from controls [9]. In uveal melanoma, PARP8 was part of a glycosylation-based gene signature for prognostic prediction [10].

In summary, PARP8 appears to be involved in a diverse range of biological processes and disease conditions, including immunity, cancer, myopia, and inflammatory diseases. Its identification in these various contexts through genetic analysis provides valuable insights into its potential functions and implications in human health and disease.