Tmem41a, encoding a 264-amino-acid transmembrane protein, may be involved in signaling pathways and tumor development [3]. It belongs to a group of transmembrane proteins, yet its exact normal function and associated pathways remain to be fully elucidated. Genetic models could potentially offer insights into its function.

In multiple cancers, abnormal Tmem41a expression has been observed. In endometrial carcinoma, Tmem41a is overexpressed, which can diagnose the disease, evaluate poor prognosis, and is associated with the immune microenvironment and RNA modifications [1]. In breast cancer, it is also overexpressed, correlating with poor prognosis, especially in early-stage and ductal A breast cancer, and is related to immune cell infiltration [2]. In gastric cancer, Tmem41a is highly expressed, associated with disease progression, poor prognosis, and metastasis. Knockdown of Tmem41a in vitro and in vivo decreased cell migration ability by regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell autophagy via E-cadherin modulation [3]. Additionally, in colorectal cancer, Tmem41a is critical in its interaction with other proteins in poor prognosis cases [4].

In conclusion, Tmem41a is significantly associated with the prognosis and development of several cancers such as endometrial, breast, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Functional studies, especially through in vitro and in vivo loss-of-function experiments, have revealed its role in tumor-related biological processes like metastasis, immune regulation, and cell-related transitions. These findings suggest Tmem41a could be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for these cancers.