LRRK2, or Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, is a complex protein with a GTPase and a kinase domain. It is involved in multiple cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics, endolysosomal pathway, membrane and vesicle trafficking, and is linked to pathways like autophagy and lysosome biology [2,3,5,7]. Mutations in LRRK2 are the most common cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD) and are also associated with a significant proportion of sporadic PD cases, making genetic models crucial for its study [1,4].

Point mutations in LRRK2-driven PD models have shown that LRRK2 has key functions in the endolysosomal system and is regulated by and interacts with Rab GTPases [1]. It is recruited to and activated at stressed or damaged lysosomes through interaction with GABARAP [6]. Additionally, its interaction with the cytoskeleton is relevant to protein degradation and inhibitor therapies [1]. LRRK2's interaction with other PD-driving genes may highlight broader disrupted cellular pathways in PD [1].

In conclusion, LRRK2 plays essential roles in multiple cellular pathways, especially those related to endolysosomal function and membrane trafficking. Studies using LRRK2-related genetic models, such as those with point mutations relevant to PD, have significantly contributed to understanding its role in PD pathogenesis, providing a basis for potential therapeutic strategies targeting this gene in PD treatment.