GATAD1, also known as GATA zinc finger domain containing 1, is a zinc finger domain protein initially identified as a histone 3 trimethylated at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) interactor. It has been implicated in regulating gene transcription and may be involved in various biological processes such as cell cycle regulation and metabolism [3,5].

In glioma, GATAD1 gene amplification and overexpression are novel independent diagnostic biomarkers indicating poor outcomes. Knockdown of GATAD1 can suppress glioma cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo by promoting CCND1 gene transcription through long-range chromatin architectural interaction [1].

In thyroid carcinoma, GATAD1 is overexpressed in recurrent tissue. Knockdown of GATAD1 and its downstream target SRRM2 can inhibit cell proliferation and arrest cells in the G1 phase [2].

In estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer, GATAD1 is a synthetic lethal target with CDK4/6 inhibitors. Depletion of GATAD1 induces cell cycle arrest by decreasing the phosphorylation of CDK2/4 and RB1 [4].

In myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardium-specific Gatad1 knockout increases infarct size and impairs cardiac function, suggesting GATAD1 is crucial in regulating myocardial fatty acid and glucose oxidation homeostasis [5]. However, deletion of Gatad1 in cardiomyocytes of mice does not cause cardiomyopathy during aging or affect response to pressure overload stress [3].

In summary, GATAD1 plays important roles in cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and metabolism-related biological processes, as revealed through model-based research. Its study using gene knockout models has provided insights into diseases such as glioma, thyroid carcinoma, breast cancer, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, contributing to a better understanding of disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.