Nudt13 is a gene encoding a mitochondrial Nudix hydrolase. It has NAD(P)H pyrophosphohydrolase activity, efficiently hydrolyzing NADH to NMNH and AMP and NADPH to NMNH and 2',5'-ADP, with a preference for reduced pyridine nucleotides. This suggests it may regulate mitochondrial reduced pyridine nucleotide cofactor concentration and the NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H ratio [1].

In colorectal cancer, elevated NUDT13 expression impedes CRC cell proliferation under hypoxic conditions and inhibits CRC initiation by upregulating PKM1. Mechanistically, it binds and stabilizes PKM1 protein by reducing its poly ADP-ribosylation. Spatiotemporal knockout of Nudt13 in mice enhances intestinal tumorigenesis, which can be suppressed by a PARP1 inhibitor [2]. Also, NUDT13 is among the genes associated with survival time in the most aggressive form of colorectal cancer, potentially serving as a diagnostic target [3,5]. Additionally, its genetically-predicted gene expression in multiple tissues, including subcutaneous adipose tissue, is associated with uterine fibroids [4].

In conclusion, Nudt13 plays important roles in regulating mitochondrial cofactor ratios. Its functions have been illuminated through knockout mouse models, especially in colorectal cancer, where it acts as a tumor suppressor. These findings in model-based research contribute to understanding the biological processes and potential treatment strategies related to colorectal cancer and uterine fibroids.