Rrp1b, also known as ribosomal RNA processing1 homolog B, is a gene with significant implications in multiple biological processes. It is involved in ribosome biogenesis, as it targets protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to mammalian cell nucleoli and is associated with Pre-60S ribosomal subunits, likely contributing to the modulation of ribosome biogenesis through reversible phosphorylation events [3]. Rrp1b also plays a role in alternative splicing regulation by interacting with SRSF1, and it has been linked to the regulation of gene expression related to metastasis [2].

Rrp1b has been identified as a candidate metastasis modifier gene in breast cancer. Functional gene assays showed its physical and functional interaction with metastasis modifier gene SIPA1, reducing tumor growth and metastatic potential. Ectopic expression of Rrp1B modulated various metastasis-predictive extracellular matrix (ECM) genes associated with tumor suppression. In breast cancer patients, certain genotypes and alleles of Rrp1B (such as the TT genotype and T allele of the 1307 T>C polymorphism) were associated with an increased risk of cancer development, progression, and were related to factors like obesity, advanced disease, increased tumor size, positive lymph node status, and Her2-negative receptor status [1].

In cervical cancer, specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Rrp1B were associated with clinicopathological features and survival outcomes, highlighting its potential as a prognostic marker [4].

In early gastric cancer, RRP1B was identified as a differentially expressed lncRNA, and its expression was significantly correlated with distal metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis staging, suggesting it may be a potential diagnostic biomarker [5].

In conclusion, Rrp1b is crucial for ribosome biogenesis and gene expression regulation, especially in the context of metastasis. Its role in breast, cervical, and gastric cancers, as revealed through genetic association studies, emphasizes its significance in understanding cancer progression and prognosis. These findings provide potential avenues for further research and the development of targeted therapies in these disease areas.