Nudt17, a member of the Nudix hydrolase family, has been shown to possess mRNA decapping activity in vitro, contributing to gene expression regulation and mRNA decay [2]. This activity may be involved in various biological processes, though the exact in-vivo pathways are still being explored. Genetic models, such as studying its polymorphisms, can provide insights into its roles in health and disease.

In a study on Chinese Han population, certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Nudt17, like rs9286836 and rs2004659, were associated with a decreased breast cancer risk. The G allele of rs9286836 and the carriers of rs2004659 G allele had reduced risks. Also, Nudt17 SNPs were associated with breast cancer risk under age, tumor size, and clinical stage stratification [1]. In male gout, the rs9286836 (Nudt17) variant showed significant associations in both discovery and replication cohorts [3]. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Nudt17 expression was predictive of prognosis, with low Nudt17 expression associated with poorer overall survival rates [4].

In conclusion, Nudt17's mRNA decapping function has implications for gene regulation. Studies on its polymorphisms and expression levels in models related to breast cancer, male gout, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma suggest its potential role in these disease areas, highlighting its importance in understanding disease mechanisms and potentially developing targeted therapies.