N6amt1, the N-6-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase 1, is a nucleo-cytosolic methyltransferase [2,3]. It is involved in multiple biological processes. It has a role in DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA) modification, with implications in gene transcriptional activity regulation [2,4]. It also participates in the cell cycle regulation by influencing cyclin E levels [6]. Additionally, it has been associated with mitochondrial RNA processing, as it is required for the cytosolic translation of subunits of the mitochondrial RNAse P enzyme [1].

In terms of disease-related findings, in cancer, N6amt1 shows differential expression in various cancer types. For instance, its decreased expression in breast cancer is associated with reduced 6mA DNA modification, promoting tumor progression by transcriptional repression of cell cycle inhibitors [4]. In pan-cancer analysis, it has diagnostic, prognostic, and potential immunotherapy response biomarker value [3]. In neuropathic pain, nerve injury decreases N6amt1 levels in dorsal horn neurons, and rescuing this decrease alleviates pain by regulating Kcnj16 expression [7]. In gestational diabetes mellitus, genetic variants in N6amt1 interact with arsenic metabolism to influence the disease occurrence in Chinese pregnant women [5].

In conclusion, N6amt1 is crucial in DNA modification, cell cycle regulation, and mitochondrial RNA processing. Its study, especially through loss-of-function models in relevant disease areas such as cancer, neuropathic pain, and gestational diabetes mellitus, helps in understanding disease mechanisms, potentially paving the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.