Cpsf1, short for cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 1, is a crucial factor involved in 3' untranslated region processing of a subset of pre-mRNAs. It participates in various biological pathways, such as the MAPK/ERK pathway, and is associated with multiple biological processes including hematopoiesis, cell apoptosis, migration, and alternative polyadenylation. Genetic models, like zebrafish mutants, have been used to study its function [4].

In diabetes-related studies, down-regulation of Cpsf1 was observed in diabetic retinopathy tissues and high-glucose-induced human retinal vascular endothelial cells. Up-regulated Cpsf1 alleviated apoptosis and migration via the MAPK/ERK pathway, suggesting its role in the development of diabetic retinopathy [1]. In gastric cancer, Cpsf1 is significantly up-regulated, promoting cancer progression by positively regulating NSDHL through alternative polyadenylation [2]. In prostate cancer, high Cpsf1 expression correlates with worse progression-free survival, and its knockdown inhibits cell growth and glycolysis, while promoting the use of intergenic polyadenylation sites [3].

In conclusion, Cpsf1 plays essential roles in multiple biological processes and is associated with various diseases including diabetic retinopathy, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer. Studies using different genetic models have revealed its functions in these disease-related biological processes, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets.