Shc1, also known as Src homologous and collagen adaptor protein 1, is a prototypical scaffold protein. It plays a pivotal role in phosphotyrosine (pY)-dependent protein complex formation for numerous receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), typically through its two pY-binding domains. Shc1 is involved in multiple signaling pathways, such as the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway, and is important in various biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation [3,5].

In lung cancer, Shc1 overexpression promotes cell proliferation and invasion, and patients with high Shc1 expression have a poor prognosis. It interacts with EGFR to form a protein complex, which may be a new target for lung cancer metastasis [1].

In colorectal cancer, microRNA 452 can regulate Shc1 expression, and Shc1 may be involved in the SHC1-mediated KRAS-MAPK signal transduction pathways [2].

In non-obstructive azoospermia, SHC1 is identified as an immune-related oxidative stress biomarker, with higher expression in NOA samples compared to controls [4].

In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), SHC1 is highly expressed, and patients with low SHC1 expression have a higher survival rate. Also, high SHC1 expression is associated with increased immune cell infiltration, enhanced immune escape, and higher immunotherapy scores [6].

In conclusion, Shc1 is crucial in multiple biological processes and is significantly associated with various diseases, including cancers and non-obstructive azoospermia. Studies on Shc1, especially through functional research models, help to understand its role in disease occurrence and progression, providing potential targets for disease treatment.