Hat1, histone acetyltransferase 1, is the first identified histone acetyltransferase. It catalyzes the acetylation of newly synthesized H4 and, to a lesser extent, H2A in the cytoplasm, playing a vital role in chromatin organization, gene expression regulation, and cell cycle control. It is involved in multiple biological pathways such as facilitating H3H4 dimer translocation into the nucleus, DNA replication fork stability, replication-coupled chromatin assembly, histone production coordination, DNA damage repair, and more [1].

In mouse models, decreased HAT1 expression in granulosa cells disturbs oocyte meiosis during ovarian aging. Using Anacardic Acid (AA) and siRNA to inhibit HAT1 in GCs led to a decreased first polar body extrusion rate, increased meiotic defects, and aneuploidy in oocytes. HAT1 was found to acetylate FoxO1, causing its nuclear translocation and increasing the expression of AREG in GCs, which is significant for oocyte meiosis [2].

In conclusion, Hat1 is essential for multiple biological functions including histone acetylation and various cellular processes. Its role in ovarian aging as revealed by mouse models indicates its potential as a therapeutic target for reducing aneuploid oocytes. Additionally, its functions and expression levels are linked to many diseases such as cancer, viral infections, and inflammatory diseases, highlighting its importance in disease-related research [1,2].