Pp2d1 is a member of the metal-dependent protein phosphatase (PPM) family, also known as PP2C phosphatases. These phosphatases bind manganese/magnesium ions in their active center, function as single-subunit enzymes, and are involved in regulating various cellular functions such as cell cycle control, cell differentiation, immune responses, and cell metabolism [1].

In a study on large-scale discovery of male reproductive tract-specific genes, Pp2d1 was identified as a testis-specific gene. Using the Nuclease technology system to generate knockout mice, it was found that Pp2d1 is individually dispensable for male mouse fertility [2]. Another study on gene expression profiles in rats under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation showed that Pp2d1 had the highest expression of inflammation/immune suppression related genes in the spontaneous breathing group compared to mechanical ventilation groups, indicating its possible role in inflammation regulation in this context [3].

In summary, Pp2d1, as part of the PPM family, may play a role in multiple cellular processes. The knockout mouse model has helped to clarify its non-essential role in male mouse fertility. Its differential expression in different respiratory settings in rats also implies a potential function in inflammation/immune suppression, which provides insights into its biological functions and possible implications in related disease areas.

References:

1. Kamada, Rui, Kudoh, Fuki, Ito, Shogo, Omichinski, James G, Sakaguchi, Kazuyasu. 2020. Metal-dependent Ser/Thr protein phosphatase PPM family: Evolution, structures, diseases and inhibitors. In Pharmacology & therapeutics, 215, 107622. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107622. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32650009/

2. Robertson, Matthew J, Kent, Katarzyna, Tharp, Nathan, Matzuk, Martin M, Garcia, Thomas X. 2020. Large-scale discovery of male reproductive tract-specific genes through analysis of RNA-seq datasets. In BMC biology, 18, 103. doi:10.1186/s12915-020-00826-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32814578/

3. Mori, Shohei, Ohtsuka, Takashi, Hashimoto, Kohei, Shibazaki, Takamasa, Shimoda, Masayuki. 2025. Gene expression profiles in respiratory settings in rats under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. In Journal of thoracic disease, 17, 31-41. doi:10.21037/jtd-24-1661. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39975719/