Adipoq, encoding adiponectin, is a fat-derived protein hormone gene. Adiponectin plays a preponderant role in glucose and fatty acid homeostasis, and is involved in multiple pathways related to metabolism. Plasma adiponectin and ADIPOQ are thought to be related to the interaction between obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD) [4].

Meta-analyses have explored the association of ADIPOQ rs2241766 polymorphism with various diseases. One meta-analysis showed that this polymorphism increases the risk of developing T2D (OR = 1.29) [1]. Another indicated a positive correlation between the rs2241766 polymorphism and susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in certain comparisons, especially in Caucasian and African populations as well as in T2DM patients [2]. In a meta-analysis on coronary artery disease (CAD), rs2241766 polymorphism was significantly associated with the susceptibility to CAD in overall population and in different ethnic subgroups [3]. In Mexican adolescents, the ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism was associated with changes in cholesterol levels [5]. A meta-analysis also found that the ADIPOQ gene rs1501299-T allele was associated with the significant risk of breast cancer [6].

In conclusion, Adipoq is crucial for metabolic homeostasis. Studies on Adipoq gene polymorphisms, especially rs2241766 and rs1501299, have revealed its associations with diseases like T2D, DKD, CAD and breast cancer. These findings from genetic-association studies contribute to understanding the role of Adipoq in disease development and potentially guide future research on disease prevention and treatment.

References:

1. Hamidi, Yeganeh, Saki, Sahar, Afraz, Elham Sadat, Pashapour, Sanaz. 2022. A Meta-analysis of ADIPOQ rs2241766 polymorphism association with type 2 diabetes. In Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 21, 1895-1901. doi:10.1007/s40200-022-01086-0. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36404807/

2. Han, Qiuxia, Geng, Wenjia, Zhang, Dong, Cai, Guangyan, Zhu, Hanyu. 2020. ADIPOQ rs2241766 Gene Polymorphism and Predisposition to Diabetic Kidney Disease. In Journal of diabetes research, 2020, 5158497. doi:10.1155/2020/5158497. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32685557/

3. Zhang, Xia, Cao, Yan Jun, Zhang, Hong Yu, Cong, Hongliang, Zhang, Jian. 2019. Associations between ADIPOQ polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. In BMC cardiovascular disorders, 19, 63. doi:10.1186/s12872-019-1041-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30885128/

4. Oliveira, Carolina S V, Giuffrida, Fernando M A, Crispim, Felipe, Saddi-Rosa, Pedro, Reis, André Fernandes. . ADIPOQ and adiponectin: the common ground of hyperglycemia and coronary artery disease? In Arquivos brasileiros de endocrinologia e metabologia, 55, 446-54. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22147092/

5. Reyes Leon-Cachon, Rafael Baltazar, Salinas-Santander, Mauricio Andres, Alejandra Aguilar-Tamez, Daniela, de Jesus Suarez-Valencia, Victor, Morlett-Chavez, Jesus Antonio. 2022. ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism is associated with changes in cholesterol levels of Mexican adolescents. In Journal of applied biomedicine, 20, 146-153. doi:10.32725/jab.2022.017. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36708720/

6. Peng, Wei-Zhao, Liu, Xin, Li, Chao-Feng, Zhao, Jin. 2023. Genetic alterations in LEP and ADIPOQ genes and risk for breast cancer: a meta-analysis. In Frontiers in oncology, 13, 1125189. doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1125189. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37274250/