BACH1, also known as BTB and CNC homology 1, is a transcription factor. It is involved in multiple physiological processes including heme homeostasis, oxidative stress response, and metabolism regulation [5]. BACH1 is associated with pathways such as glycolysis, angiogenesis, and insulin signaling, and is of great biological importance in various tissues and diseases [1,2,4]. Genetic models, like KO and CKO mouse models, are valuable for studying its functions.

In lung cancer, long-term antioxidant supplementation promotes KRAS-driven metastasis by stabilizing BACH1, which stimulates glycolysis-dependent metastasis [1]. In endothelial cells, deletion of BACH1 attenuates atherosclerosis by reducing endothelial inflammation. BACH1 acts as a mechanosensor of hemodynamic stress, and its deletion decreases atherosclerotic lesions and macrophage content in plaques [3]. In hepatic cells, hepatocyte-specific Bach1 deletion in male mice on a high-fat diet ameliorates hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and steatosis, indicating its role in hepatic insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis [4].

In conclusion, BACH1 plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes and disease conditions. Model-based research, especially the use of BACH1 KO/CKO mouse models, has revealed its significance in areas such as cancer metastasis, atherosclerosis, and glucose metabolism regulation. This contributes to our understanding of disease mechanisms and provides potential therapeutic targets for related diseases.

References:

1. Wiel, Clotilde, Le Gal, Kristell, Ibrahim, Mohamed X, Sayin, Volkan I, Bergo, Martin O. 2019. BACH1 Stabilization by Antioxidants Stimulates Lung Cancer Metastasis. In Cell, 178, 330-345.e22. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.005. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31257027/

2. Wang, Ting, Dong, Yongqiang, Huang, Zhiqiang, Treuter, Eckardt, Bergo, Martin O. 2023. Antioxidants stimulate BACH1-dependent tumor angiogenesis. In The Journal of clinical investigation, 133, . doi:10.1172/JCI169671. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37651203/

3. Jia, Mengping, Li, Qinhan, Guo, Jieyu, Yu, Bo, Meng, Dan. 2022. Deletion of BACH1 Attenuates Atherosclerosis by Reducing Endothelial Inflammation. In Circulation research, 130, 1038-1055. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319540. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35196865/

4. Jin, Jiayu, He, Yunquan, Guo, Jieyu, Zhi, Xiuling, Meng, Dan. 2023. BACH1 controls hepatic insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis in mice. In Nature communications, 14, 8428. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44088-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38129407/

5. Padilla, Joselyn, Lee, Jiyoung. 2021. A Novel Therapeutic Target, BACH1, Regulates Cancer Metabolism. In Cells, 10, . doi:10.3390/cells10030634. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33809182/