Fpr1, also known as formyl-peptide receptor 1, is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) with a typical seven-transmembrane structure. It can be stimulated by a variety of endogenous or exogenous ligands, such as formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF), and is involved in inflammatory response, immune cell recruitment, and cellular signaling regulation. It participates in key cellular signaling pathways and is of great biological importance in multiple physiological and pathological processes [1].

In Fpr1 -/- mice, dendritic cells show reduced migration in response to chemotherapy-treated colorectal cancer cells, and these mice are more susceptible to chronic ulcerative colitis and colorectal oncogenesis induced by azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate, indicating that defective FPR1 signaling favors intestinal tumorigenesis through modulating the innate inflammatory/immune response [2]. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of Fpr1 by cyclosporin H increases intestinal oncogenesis in mice bearing the ApcMin mutation, and this effect can be reversed by the anti-inflammatory drug sulindac [2].

In conclusion, Fpr1 plays a crucial role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. The study of Fpr1 knockout mouse models has revealed its significant impact on intestinal oncogenesis, suggesting that Fpr1 could be a potential target for treating related diseases. Its functions in inflammation and immunity make it an important gene for understanding the mechanisms of various diseases [1,2].

References:

1. Zhangsun, Ziyin, Dong, Yushu, Tang, Jiayou, Yang, Yang, Zhao, Huadong. 2024. FPR1: A critical gatekeeper of the heart and brain. In Pharmacological research, 202, 107125. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107125. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38438091/

2. Le Naour, Julie, Montégut, Léa, Pan, Yuhong, Puig, Pierre-Laurent, Kroemer, Guido. 2023. Formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1) represses intestinal oncogenesis. In Oncoimmunology, 12, 2237354. doi:10.1080/2162402X.2023.2237354. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37492227/