C57BL/6JCya-Grin1em1/Cya
Common Name:
Grin1-KO
Product ID:
S-KO-02340
Background:
C57BL/6JCya
Product Type
Age
Genotype
Sex
Quantity
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Basic Information
Strain Name
Grin1-KO
Strain ID
KOCMP-14810-Grin1-B6J-VA
Gene Name
Product ID
S-KO-02340
Gene Alias
GluN1; GluRdelta1; GluRzeta1; M100174; NMD-R1; NMDAR1; NR1; Nmdar; Rgsc174
Background
C57BL/6JCya
NCBI ID
Modification
Conventional knockout
Chromosome
2
Phenotype
Document
Application
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Note: When using this mouse strain in a publication, please cite “C57BL/6JCya-Grin1em1/Cya mice (Catalog S-KO-02340) were purchased from Cyagen.”
Strain Description
Ensembl Number
ENSMUST00000028335
NCBI RefSeq
NM_008169
Target Region
Exon 4
Size of Effective Region
~1.9 kb
Detailed Document
Overview of Gene Research
GRIN1, encoding the obligatory GluN1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), is crucial for synaptic transmission, plasticity, and neural circuit development. NMDARs are a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors, and their proper function is essential for normal brain development and cognitive function [1,3].
In KO/CKO mouse models, disruption of Grin1 within corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons enhanced fear memory, suggesting its role in fear-related behaviors [5]. Grin1 loss-of-function mutations in male Grin1-/-knockdown mice led to volume reductions in dopaminergic structures early in development, with delayed changes in limbic and white matter structures, indicating its importance in maintaining normal brain structure [6]. The Grin1 Y647S/+ mouse model, created by CRISPR-Cas9, displayed reduced whole-brain GluN1 levels, deficient NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampus, and exhibited spontaneous seizures, altered vocalizations, muscle strength, sociability, and problem-solving, mimicking some clinical features of GRIN1-related neurodevelopmental disorder [8].
In conclusion, GRIN1 is essential for normal brain function, including synaptic transmission, neural circuit development, and the regulation of fear-related behaviors. Mouse models with Grin1 gene knockout or conditional knockout have provided valuable insights into its role in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as epileptic encephalopathy, intellectual disability, and autism, by revealing the impact of its loss-of-function on brain structure and function [2,3,4,6,7,8].
References:
1. Korinek, M, Candelas Serra, M, Abdel Rahman, Fes, Balik, A, Smejkalova, T. 2024. Disease-Associated Variants in GRIN1, GRIN2A and GRIN2B genes: Insights into NMDA Receptor Structure, Function, and Pathophysiology. In Physiological research, 73, S413-S434. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38836461/
2. Blakes, Alexander J M, English, Joel, Banka, Siddharth, Basu, Helen. 2021. A homozygous GRIN1 null variant causes a more severe phenotype of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. In American journal of medical genetics. Part A, 188, 595-599. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.62528. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34611970/
3. Ragnarsson, Lotten, Zhang, Zihan, Das, Sooraj S, Vetter, Irina, Keramidas, Angelo. 2023. GRIN1 variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders reveal channel gating pathomechanisms. In Epilepsia, 64, 3377-3388. doi:10.1111/epi.17776. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37734923/
4. Allen, Andrew S, Berkovic, Samuel F, Cossette, Patrick, Widdess-Walsh, Peter, Winawer, Melodie R. 2013. De novo mutations in epileptic encephalopathies. In Nature, 501, 217-21. doi:10.1038/nature12439. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23934111/
5. Gafford, Georgette, Jasnow, Aaron M, Ressler, Kerry J. 2014. Grin1 receptor deletion within CRF neurons enhances fear memory. In PloS one, 9, e111009. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111009. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25340785/
6. Intson, Katheron, van Eede, Matthijs C, Islam, Rehnuma, Henkelman, R Mark, Ramsey, Amy J. 2019. Progressive neuroanatomical changes caused by Grin1 loss-of-function mutation. In Neurobiology of disease, 132, 104527. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104527. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31299220/
7. Brock, Stefanie, Laquerriere, Annie, Marguet, Florent, Fry, Andrew E, Bahi-Buisson, Nadia. 2022. Overlapping cortical malformations in patients with pathogenic variants in GRIN1 and GRIN2B. In Journal of medical genetics, 60, 183-192. doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107971. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35393335/
8. Sullivan, Megan T, Tidball, Patrick, Yan, Yuanye, Collingridge, Graham L, Ramsey, Amy J. 2024. Grin1 Y 647 S/+ Mice: A Preclinical Model of GRIN1 -Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder. In bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, , . doi:10.1101/2024.08.21.608984. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39229143/
Quality Control Standard
Sperm Test
Pre-cryopreservation: Measurement of sperm concentration, determination of sperm viability.
Post-cryopreservation: A vial of cryopreserved sperms is selected for in-vitro fertilization from each batch.
Environmental Standards:SPF
Available Region:Global
Source:Cyagen