NCOA1, also known as Nuclear receptor coactivator 1, is involved in transcriptional activity as it acts as a coactivator for various transcription factors. It participates in multiple biological processes and is associated with several signaling pathways, which are crucial for normal cellular functions and can impact disease development. Genetic models, such as knockout mouse models, are valuable for studying its functions [1,2].

In breast cancer mouse models, Ncoa1-knockout led to a significant decrease in microvascular density, indicating its role in promoting angiogenesis in breast tumors by enhancing HIF1α-and AP-1-mediated VEGFa transcription [1]. In prostate cancer cell lines, long-term NCOA1 knockdown reduced the proliferation rate in AR-positive cells and decreased migration and invasion in both AR-positive and AR-negative cells, suggesting its role in PCa progression [2].

In conclusion, NCOA1 is an important coactivator that plays a role in angiogenesis in breast tumors and progression in prostate cancer. The gene knockout studies in relevant models have provided insights into its functions in these disease areas, contributing to our understanding of the biological processes underlying these cancers and potentially guiding future therapeutic strategies.

References:

1. Qin, Li, Xu, Yan, Xu, Yixiang, Wang, Jin, Xu, Jianming. . NCOA1 promotes angiogenesis in breast tumors by simultaneously enhancing both HIF1α- and AP-1-mediated VEGFa transcription. In Oncotarget, 6, 23890-904. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26287601/

2. Luef, Birgit, Handle, Florian, Kharaishvili, Gvantsa, Santer, Frédéric R, Culig, Zoran. 2016. The AR/NCOA1 axis regulates prostate cancer migration by involvement of PRKD1. In Endocrine-related cancer, 23, 495-508. doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0160. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27255895/