Ogn, also known as mimecan, is a gene encoding a classical small leucine-rich proteoglycan in the extracellular matrix. It plays pivotal roles in tissue formation and damage response, and is associated with multiple biological pathways. Gene knockout mouse models can be used to study its functions in vivo [1,2,3].

In PC, Ogn is upregulated, promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibiting apoptosis via targeting ID4, and high Ogn expression is related to poor survival rates [1]. In IPF, Ogn is upregulated in fibrotic lungs and myofibroblasts. Ogn knockdown in lung myofibroblasts attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting integrin αv-mediated TGF-β/Smad pathway activation [2]. In root development, Ogn-/-mice show accelerated root length growth rate and thicker root hard tissues, likely due to Hh pathway activation in the apical papilla and dental follicle [3]. In ovarian carcinoma, elevated Ogn expression is associated with the EMT process and poor prognosis [4]. In breast cancer, Ogn functions as a tumor suppressor, inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion, and reversing EMT via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway [5]. In cervical cancer, circ_0087429 can upregulate Ogn expression by competitively binding miR-5003-3p, reversing EMT and inhibiting cancer progression [6]. In heart failure, Ogn is identified as a diagnostic biomarker, and higher plasma Ogn promotes the risk of HF [7].

In summary, Ogn is crucial in multiple biological processes and diseases. Studies using gene knockout models have revealed its role in cancer development, pulmonary fibrosis, root development, and heart failure, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

References:

1. Qin, Wei, Zhang, Jing, Rong, Ruixue, Wang, Huiyun, Zhang, Yuntao. 2022. Osteoglycin (OGN) promotes tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer cell via targeting ID4. In Tissue & cell, 78, 101867. doi:10.1016/j.tice.2022.101867. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35908351/

2. Huang, Shaojie, Lin, Yingying, Deng, Qiwen, Wang, Zhongxing, Lai, Xiaofan. 2024. Suppression of OGN in lung myofibroblasts attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting integrin αv-mediated TGF-β/Smad pathway activation. In Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology, 132, 87-97. doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2024.07.001. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39019241/

3. Lin, X, Li, Q, Hu, L, Wang, S, Wu, X. 2022. Apical Papilla Regulates Dental Follicle Fate via the OGN-Hh Pathway. In Journal of dental research, 102, 431-439. doi:10.1177/00220345221138517. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36515316/

4. Chen, Hong, Yang, Lei, Sun, Weina. 2019. Elevated OGN expression correlates with the EMT signature and poor prognosis in ovarian carcinoma. In International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 12, 584-589. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31933863/

5. Xu, Tao, Zhang, Rui, Dong, Menglu, Zhan, Chenao, Li, Xingrui. 2019. Osteoglycin (OGN) Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Invasiveness in Breast Cancer via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. In OncoTargets and therapy, 12, 10639-10650. doi:10.2147/OTT.S222967. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31824171/

6. Yang, Meiqin, Hu, Haoran, Wu, Sufang, Guo, Xiaoqing, Han, Lingfei. 2022. EIF4A3-regulated circ_0087429 can reverse EMT and inhibit the progression of cervical cancer via miR-5003-3p-dependent upregulation of OGN expression. In Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 41, 165. doi:10.1186/s13046-022-02368-4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35513835/

7. Zhu, Yihao, Chen, Bin, Zu, Yao. 2024. Identifying OGN as a Biomarker Covering Multiple Pathogenic Pathways for Diagnosing Heart Failure: From Machine Learning to Mechanism Interpretation. In Biomolecules, 14, . doi:10.3390/biom14020179. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38397416/