Ptpn13, also known as PTPL1, is a class I non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase identified in 1994. It plays significant roles in multiple biological processes, especially in cell junction regulation, which is related to cell death and cell migration [1]. It is involved in pathways like FAS and oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling, and has post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulation [1].

In cancer research, gene knockout and related functional studies have been crucial. For example, transgenic mice with deleted PTPN13 phosphatase activity showed increased development, growth, and invasiveness of breast tumors, indicating its role in inhibiting breast tumor invasiveness by stabilizing cell junctions [2]. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma, overexpression of PTPN13 restricted cell proliferation and invasion through inactivating Akt signaling in vivo, suggesting its tumor-suppressive function [4]. In high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma cells, PTPN13 knockout/knockdown increased cell migration and invasion, and PTPN13 expression increased platinum sensitivity [3].

In conclusion, Ptpn13 is an important regulator in cell biology, especially in cell junction-related processes. Its role in cancer, as revealed by gene knockout and in vivo studies, varies among different cancer types, acting as both an oncogenic protein and a tumor suppressor. These findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms of tumor formation and progression, potentially providing new targets for cancer treatment.

References:

1. Mcheik, Soha, Aptecar, Leticia, Coopman, Peter, D'Hondt, Véronique, Freiss, Gilles. 2020. Dual Role of the PTPN13 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Cancer. In Biomolecules, 10, . doi:10.3390/biom10121659. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33322542/

2. Hamyeh, Mohamed, Bernex, Florence, Larive, Romain M, Hendriks, Wiljan J A J, Freiss, Gilles. 2020. PTPN13 induces cell junction stabilization and inhibits mammary tumor invasiveness. In Theranostics, 10, 1016-1032. doi:10.7150/thno.38537. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31938048/

3. Aptecar, Leticia, Puech, Carole, Lopez-Crapez, Evelyne, D'Hondt, Véronique, Freiss, Gilles. 2023. PTPN13 Participates in the Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Platinum Sensitivity in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Cells. In International journal of molecular sciences, 24, . doi:10.3390/ijms242015413. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37895093/

4. Long, Qingzhi, Sun, Jiping, Lv, Jia, Li, Huixian, Li, Xudong. 2020. PTPN13 acts as a tumor suppressor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma by inactivating Akt signaling. In Experimental cell research, 396, 112286. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112286. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32919955/