Gm94 is encoded by the mouse C5orf46 homologous gene. Its human counterpart, AP-64 encoded by C5orf46, is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) contributing to the innate immune response, protecting against microbes on skin and mucosal surfaces. Thus, Gm94 likely plays a role in the innate immune defense pathway against microbial invasion [1].

The study found that Gm94 closely resembles AP-64 in its antibacterial properties. AP-64 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli DH5α, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Vibrio cholerae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and was efficient in combating Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in a mouse model. This indicates that Gm94 may have similar antibacterial functions in mouse models, suggesting its importance in innate immune-related antibacterial defense [1].

In conclusion, Gm94, through its resemblance to AP-64, likely plays an essential role in the innate immune system's antibacterial defense. Mouse models, by demonstrating the antibacterial properties similar to those of the human-derived peptide, help in understanding the role of Gm94 in antibacterial innate immune responses [1].

References:

1. Zhong, Kunhong, Wang, Yuelong, Wang, Zeng, Yang, Hui, Tong, Aiping. 2021. AP-64, Encoded by C5orf46, Exhibits Antimicrobial Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria. In Biomolecules, 11, . doi:10.3390/biom11040485. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33804835/