MAGEA10, a member of the melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGEA) subfamily, is a cancer/testis antigen. It is typically expressed in testis and/or placenta, but aberrantly expressed in multiple human cancer cells, often associated with malignant phenotypes, invasiveness, and metastasis [3].

In gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer, upregulation of MAGEA10 is related to a high cumulative incidence of early hepatic recurrence after curative gastrectomy, making it a promising predictive marker [1]. In non-small cell lung cancer, its expression is scarce but can be enhanced by viili polysaccharides, and certain MAGEA10 peptides may be presented by HLA-A(∗)0201 in immunotherapy [2]. In melanoma patients, only about 8% have a strong antibody response against MAGEA10, with the highest number of strong responses in stage II patients, suggesting the immune system's role in early-stage disease control [4]. In ductal carcinoma in situ, MAGEA10 expression is more frequent in patients with subsequent ipsilateral breast events, mainly invasive [5]. High MAGEA10 expression in multiple cancers, including pancreatic cancer, correlates with worse chemotherapeutic response and poor prognosis [6]. In resected lung cancer, its high expression is closely related to lymph node metastasis and TNM stage II or III [7].

In conclusion, MAGEA10 is an important cancer-related antigen. Its abnormal expression is associated with various cancer-related events such as recurrence, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Studies on MAGEA10 contribute to understanding cancer development mechanisms and may provide new directions for cancer diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and immunotherapy.

References:

1. Fujiya, Keiichi, Terashima, Masanori, Ohshima, Keiichi, Kitagawa, Yuko, Yamaguchi, Ken. 2020. MAGEA10 expression is a predictive marker of early hepatic recurrence after curative gastrectomy for gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. In Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 24, 341-351. doi:10.1007/s10120-020-01123-y. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32965606/

2. Wang, Likui, Xu, Yuefang, Luo, Cheng, Li, Zhengguo, Huang, Wenlin. 2015. MAGEA10 gene expression in non-small cell lung cancer and A549 cells, and the affinity of epitopes with the complex of HLA-A(∗)0201 alleles. In Cellular immunology, 297, 10-8. doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.05.004. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26058806/

3. Samel, Anneli, Väärtnõu, Fred, Verk, Lisbeth, Mutso, Margit, Kurg, Reet. 2023. How the Intrinsically Disordered N-Terminus of Cancer/Testis Antigen MAGEA10 Is Responsible for Its Expression, Nuclear Localisation and Aberrant Migration. In Biomolecules, 13, . doi:10.3390/biom13121704. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38136576/

4. Õunap, Kadri, Kurg, Kristiina, Võsa, Liisi, Ustav, Mart, Kurg, Reet. 2018. Antibody response against cancer-testis antigens MAGEA4 and MAGEA10 in patients with melanoma. In Oncology letters, 16, 211-218. doi:10.3892/ol.2018.8684. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29928403/

5. Guerini-Rocco, Elena, Bellerba, Federica, Concardi, Alberto, Gandini, Sara, Lazzeroni, Matteo. 2024. Expression of immune-related genes and breast cancer recurrence in women with ductal carcinoma in situ. In European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), 203, 114063. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114063. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38615592/

6. Qin, Hongquan, Chen, Jiali, Bouchekioua-Bouzaghou, Katia, Xu, Qiuping, Wong, Ping-Pui. 2023. Immunization with a multi-antigen targeted DNA vaccine eliminates chemoresistant pancreatic cancer by disrupting tumor-stromal cell crosstalk. In Journal of translational medicine, 21, 702. doi:10.1186/s12967-023-04519-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37814317/

7. Jin, Shi, Cao, Shoubo, Li, Jianhua, Hu, Jing, Yu, Yan. 2018. Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) expression in resected lung cancer. In OncoTargets and therapy, 11, 4491-4499. doi:10.2147/OTT.S159491. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30122941/