Ets1, also known as E26 oncogene homolog 1, is a transcription factor belonging to the Ets family. It contains a unique DNA-binding domain, the Ets domain. Ets1 is involved in numerous biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and tissue remodeling. It regulates gene expression in immune cells and other cell types, and is associated with pathways like Nrf2/HO-1, which is crucial for oxidative stress response [1,2].

In a hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) mouse model, Ets1 overexpression ameliorated BPD symptoms. It increased cell viability, glucose metabolism, and NADPH levels, while reducing inflammation, apoptosis, and ferroptosis-related markers in A549 cells and BPD mice. This effect was partially mediated by the Nrf2/HO-1 axis [1]. In Ets1 knockout mice, a lupus-like autoimmune disease developed, with enhanced activation and differentiation of B and T cells, indicating Ets1's role in maintaining immune cell quiescence [2].

In conclusion, Ets1 is a key transcription factor involved in multiple biological functions. Its study through gene knockout mouse models has revealed its importance in diseases such as BPD and autoimmune diseases. These models help in understanding the molecular mechanisms of Ets1-related diseases, providing potential directions for therapeutic interventions.

References:

1. Yang, Min, Chen, Yanping, Huang, Xueshan, Shen, Fang, Meng, Yanni. 2023. ETS1 Ameliorates Hyperoxia-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Mice by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Mediated Ferroptosis. In Lung, 201, 425-441. doi:10.1007/s00408-023-00639-1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37490064/

2. Garrett-Sinha, Lee Ann. 2023. An update on the roles of transcription factor Ets1 in autoimmune diseases. In WIREs mechanisms of disease, 15, e1627. doi:10.1002/wsbm.1627. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37565573/