Cd207, also known as Langerin, is a C-type lectin receptor specifically expressed on the surface of Langerhans cells (LCs) and is considered an LC-specific immunohistochemical marker. It is involved in the formation of Birbeck granules in LCs, which are related to the antigen-capture function of LCs, and may play a role in antigen presentation processes [4].

Cd207 is highly relevant in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). LCH is caused by clonal expansion of myeloid precursors that differentiate into CD1a+/CD207+ cells in lesions, leading to a spectrum of organ involvement [1]. In CA skin lesions, CD207 positive cells have morphological abnormalities and reduced numbers compared to healthy skin, and the fewer CD207 positive cells, the longer the disease course and more frequent the recurrence, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker for CA [2]. Monitoring circulating CD207+CD1a+ cells in LCH patients can help with prognostic accuracy, detecting early reactivation, and follow-up, as these cells are present in a fraction of patients even without evident clinical manifestations [3]. CD207+CD1a+ cells also circulate in pediatric patients with active LCH, and TSLP and TGF-β may be potential drivers of Langerhans-like cells in vivo [5].

In conclusion, Cd207 is crucial for the function of Langerhans cells. Its abnormal expression is closely associated with diseases like LCH and CA. The study of Cd207 in these disease conditions provides insights into disease mechanisms and potential prognostic and monitoring strategies. Although no KO/CKO mouse model-related findings were in the provided references, further research using such models could potentially deepen our understanding of Cd207's role in these and other biological processes and diseases.

References:

1. Rodriguez-Galindo, Carlos, Allen, Carl E. . Langerhans cell histiocytosis. In Blood, 135, 1319-1331. doi:10.1182/blood.2019000934. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32106306/

2. Zhang, Dong, Qu, Yan, Sui, Changlin, Wang, Ningning, Ma, Weiyuan. 2023. CD207 Expression Level is a New Prognostic Marker for Condyloma Acuminatum. In Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 16, 1607-1613. doi:10.2147/CCID.S412162. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37383183/

3. Olexen, Cinthia Mariel, Rosso, Diego Alfredo, Nowak, Wanda, Errasti, Andrea Emilse, Carrera Silva, Eugenio Antonio. 2022. Monitoring Circulating CD207+CD1a+ Cells in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Clinical Implications. In Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 209, 270-279. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2200147. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35768149/

4. Valladeau, Jenny, Dezutter-Dambuyant, Colette, Saeland, Sem. . Langerin/CD207 sheds light on formation of birbeck granules and their possible function in Langerhans cells. In Immunologic research, 28, 93-107. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14610287/

5. Carrera Silva, Eugenio Antonio, Nowak, Wanda, Tessone, Licina, Errasti, Andrea Emilse, Rosso, Diego Alfredo. 2017. CD207+CD1a+ cells circulate in pediatric patients with active Langerhans cell histiocytosis. In Blood, 130, 1898-1902. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-05-782730. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28847997/