Or10p1, also known as olfactory receptor family10 subfamily-p-member1, is involved in multiple physiological processes. It functions as the receptor for famsin in humans (equivalent to OLFR796 in mice), and is associated with the regulation of glucose homeostasis through the famsin-glucagon axis. Additionally, it may play a role in the heart rate response to β-blockers [1,2].

In glucose homeostasis, famsin binds to Or10p1 in islet α cells, initiating calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum. This triggers glucagon secretion, which promotes hepatic glucose production. Deficiency of famsin signaling, thus affecting Or10p1-mediated function, reduces hepatic glucose production and lowers blood glucose levels, highlighting its significance in maintaining glucose balance [1]. Also, in a genome-wide association study, a SNP near Or10p1 was associated with the heart rate response to β-blockers, suggesting its role in cardiac rate regulation [2].

In conclusion, Or10p1 is essential in regulating glucose homeostasis through the famsin-glucagon axis and may have a role in the heart rate response to β-blockers. Research on Or10p1, especially through studies like the ones demonstrating its function in the famsin-glucagon pathway, helps to understand the underlying mechanisms of glucose-related disorders and potentially cardiac rate-related phenotypes.

References:

1. Long, Aijun, Wang, Yazhuo, Guo, Yihua, Wang, Jiqiu, Wang, Yiguo. 2024. A famsin-glucagon axis mediates glucose homeostasis. In Cell metabolism, 37, 629-639.e6. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2024.11.008. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39706194/

2. Shahin, Mohamed H, Conrado, Daniela J, Gonzalez, Daniel, Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M, Johnson, Julie A. 2018. Genome-Wide Association Approach Identified Novel Genetic Predictors of Heart Rate Response to β-Blockers. In Journal of the American Heart Association, 7, . doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.006463. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29478026/