Pla2g2e, which encodes for secreted phospholipase A2 group IIE, is involved in lipid metabolism, playing a significant role in various biological processes. Phospholipase A2 enzymes hydrolyze phospholipids, influencing lipid mediator production, which are implicated in inflammation, cell signaling, and membrane remodeling [1,2,3,4]. Genetic models, like gene knockout mouse models, have been crucial in understanding its functions.

In a Pla2g2e -/- mouse model, during influenza virus infection, these mice had lower survival rates, higher viral loads in lungs, impaired influenza-specific cellular immunity, and reduced T cell-mediated cytotoxicity compared to wild-type mice, indicating its role in regulating T cell immune response against the virus [2]. In the context of ischemic stroke, secreted Pla2g2e from peri-infarct neurons generates dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), which is necessary for triggering brain-autonomous neural repair. Pla2g2e deficiency diminished the expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (Padi4), a key transcriptional regulator in these neurons [1].

In summary, Pla2g2e is essential in lipid metabolism-related biological processes. The use of gene knockout mouse models has revealed its importance in specific disease areas such as influenza virus infection and ischemic stroke, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting this gene in these conditions [1,2].

References:

1. Nakamura, Akari, Sakai, Seiichiro, Taketomi, Yoshitaka, Murakami, Makoto, Shichita, Takashi. 2023. PLA2G2E-mediated lipid metabolism triggers brain-autonomous neural repair after ischemic stroke. In Neuron, 111, 2995-3010.e9. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.024. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37490917/

2. Bu, Hemeng, Zhang, Shengnan, Li, Pingchao, Chen, Ling, Qu, Linbing. 2024. Secreted phospholipase PLA2G2E contributes to regulation of T cell immune response against influenza virus infection. In Journal of virology, 98, e0019824. doi:10.1128/jvi.00198-24. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38591879/

3. Sato, Hiroyasu, Taketomi, Yoshitaka, Ushida, Ayako, Gelb, Michael H, Murakami, Makoto. 2014. The adipocyte-inducible secreted phospholipases PLA2G5 and PLA2G2E play distinct roles in obesity. In Cell metabolism, 20, 119-32. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.05.002. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24910243/

4. He, Ranran, Shi, Yu, Lu, Xiaoshuang, Zhang, Sheng, Liu, Ailing. 2024. Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Epigallocatechin Gallate on the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. In Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 79, 867-874. doi:10.1007/s11130-024-01229-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39186142/