Golga5, also known as Golgin subfamily A member 5, is a protein-coding gene. Golgins are a family of coiled-coil proteins located at the cytoplasmic surface of the Golgi apparatus. Golga5 is involved in vesicle tethering and docking between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, which is crucial for maintaining Golgi structural integrity and vesicle trafficking [2,3]. Understanding its function can be facilitated through genetic models like knockout (KO) mouse models.

Golga5-deficient mice generated using Nuclease technology-mediated genome editing showed that Golga5 is not required for mouse embryonic development, postnatal survival, or fertility [1]. In contrast, in human periodontal ligament-fibroblastic differentiation induced by TGF-β1, Golga5 is essential for the production of extracellular matrix proteins. siRNA-mediated depletion of endogenous Golga5 in TGF-β1-induced progenitors led to down-regulation of representative periodontal ligament-fibroblastic markers and up-regulation of osteoblast markers, along with a decrease in extracellular matrix proteins and Golgi fragmentation [2].

In summary, Golga5 plays a significant role in processes related to the Golgi apparatus, especially in vesicle-related functions. The Golga5-deficient mouse model has helped clarify that it is dispensable for general mouse development but is crucial for specific cellular differentiation processes like periodontal ligament-fibroblastic differentiation. These findings contribute to understanding the role of Golga5 in normal biological processes and potentially related disease conditions [1,2].

References:

1. McGee, Lynessa J, Jiang, Alex L, Lan, Yu. 2017. Golga5 is dispensable for mouse embryonic development and postnatal survival. In Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000), 55, . doi:10.1002/dvg.23039. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28509431/

2. Kim, Hyun-Jin, Kim, Seong-Min, Choi, Min-Jeong, Jang, Young-Joo. 2022. Golgin Subfamily A Member 5 Is Essential for Production of Extracellular Matrix Proteins during TGF-β1-Induced Periodontal Ligament-Fibroblastic Differentiation. In Stem cells international, 2022, 3273779. doi:10.1155/2022/3273779. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35879965/

3. Zhu, Huiling, Li, Hongmei, Wang, Pu, Han, Jiande, Zhang, Qinfen. 2014. Persistent and acute chlamydial infections induce different structural changes in the Golgi apparatus. In International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM, 304, 577-85. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.03.002. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24780199/