NCAPG, also known as non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G, is a mitosis-associated chromosomal condensation protein. It is crucial for sister chromatid separation during chromosome condensation and fusion, and is responsible for chromosome condensation and stabilization in meiosis and mitosis. Its function might be related to several pathways, and its dysregulation is associated with various cancers, indicating its biological importance in normal and diseased states. Genetic models, such as gene knockout (KO) mouse models, can potentially offer insights into its functions [1].

In NSCLC, Ncapg+/-mice treated with urethane had reduced urethane-induced lung tumors, showing that NCAPG promotes NSCLC tumorigenesis and progression, and this function is related to the up-regulation of LGALS1 [2]. In bladder cancer, knockdown of NCAPG inhibited cell proliferation through the NF-κB signaling pathway [3]. In glioma, NCAPG knockdown in cell lines reduced cell survival, proliferation, and migration, and its high expression correlated with immune cell infiltration [4]. In hepatocellular carcinoma, NCAPG promoted cell proliferation by inhibiting PTEN through interaction with CKII, activating the PI3K-AKT pathway [5]. In colorectal cancer, knockdown of NCAPG in cell culture inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and interfered with the cell cycle [6].

In conclusion, NCAPG is essential for normal chromosomal function during cell division. Model-based research, especially KO mouse models in some cancers like NSCLC, bladder cancer, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, has revealed its role in promoting tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, and metastasis, and its association with certain signaling pathways. These findings highlight NCAPG as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in cancer research.

References:

1. Cai, Xin, Gao, Jie, Shi, Chengcheng, Guo, Danfeng, Zhang, Shuijun. 2022. The role of NCAPG in various of tumors. In Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 155, 113635. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113635. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36095957/

2. Sun, Huanhuan, Zhang, Hong, Yan, Yan, Nicot, Christophe, Ma, Haiqing. 2022. NCAPG promotes the oncogenesis and progression of non-small cell lung cancer cells through upregulating LGALS1 expression. In Molecular cancer, 21, 55. doi:10.1186/s12943-022-01533-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35180865/

3. Tang, Feng, Yu, Hua, Wang, Xia, Yang, Zhonghua, Peng, Jianping. 2022. NCAPG promotes tumorigenesis of bladder cancer through NF-κB signaling pathway. In Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 622, 101-107. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.007. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35843088/

4. Jiang, Xiulin, Shi, Yulin, Chen, Xi, Li, Lihua, Pu, Jun. 2022. NCAPG as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker in Glioma. In Frontiers in oncology, 12, 831438. doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.831438. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35280743/

5. Zhang, Rongguiyi, Ai, Jiyuan, Wang, Jiakun, Wu, Linquan, Liao, Wenjun. 2022. NCAPG promotes the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma through the CKII-dependent regulation of PTEN. In Journal of translational medicine, 20, 325. doi:10.1186/s12967-022-03519-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35864529/

6. Sun, Ding-Ping, Wu, Chia-Chun, Chou, Chia-Lin, Fang, Chia-Lang, Lin, Kai-Yuan. 2022. NCAPG deregulation indicates poor patient survival and contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis. In Pathology, research and practice, 241, 154238. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2022.154238. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36442414/