Eola1, also known as endothelial-overexpressed lipopolysaccharide-associated factor 1, plays a role in regulating inflammatory responses. It is associated with the regulation of proteins like vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and may be involved in cell protection during inflammation reactions. It has been found to be related to pathways involving lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in endothelial cells, and its study can provide insights into endothelial cell function and inflammatory-related diseases [1,2,3,4].

Studies in ECV304 cells (a human umbilical vein endothelial cell line) have shown that Eola1 knockdown leads to a significant enhancement of LPS-induced VCAM-1 production, while its overexpression reduces VCAM-1 production, indicating a negative regulatory role of Eola1 on LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression. This involves its association with metallothionein 2A (MT2A) [1]. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), deletion of Eola1 promotes IL-6 production and apoptosis induced by LPS treatment, suggesting Eola1 functions as a negative regulator for LPS response by regulating MT2A [3]. Also, in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients, the reduced expression of Eola1 in chronic wound group compared to acute wound group is related to increased expression of NF-κB and IL-6, indicating its possible link to refractory DFU due to uncontrolled inflammation [4].

In conclusion, Eola1 is an important intracellular protein in endothelial cells with a key role in regulating LPS-induced inflammatory responses, such as the production of VCAM-1 and IL-6, and apoptosis. Its reduced expression may be associated with refractory diabetic foot ulcers. The functional studies in cell models have provided valuable insights into its role in inflammation-related diseases, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for conditions involving endothelial cell-mediated inflammation [1,3,4].

References:

1. Leng, Weiling, Lei, Xiaotian, Meng, Hao, Ouyang, Xinshou, Liang, Ziwen. 2015. EOLA1 Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression by Association with MT2A in ECV304 Cells. In International journal of inflammation, 2015, 301562. doi:10.1155/2015/301562. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26881174/

2. Kim, Minju, Park, Sang Ho, Park, Joon Sung, Kim, Hyun-Jung, Han, Byung Woo. 2019. Crystal Structure of Human EOLA1 Implies Its Possibility of RNA Binding. In Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24, . doi:10.3390/molecules24193529. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31569543/

3. Liu, Yueming, Liu, Hairong, Chen, Wenhai, Yang, Ting, Zhang, Wei. 2014. EOLA1 protects lipopolysaccharide induced IL-6 production and apoptosis by regulation of MT2A in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 395, 45-51. doi:10.1007/s11010-014-2110-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24916366/

4. Wu, Mingxia, Leng, Weiling, Pan, Hang, Ouyang, Xinshou, Liang, Ziwen. 2019. The Reduced Expression of EOLA1 May Be Related to Refractory Diabetic Foot Ulcer. In Mediators of inflammation, 2019, 6705424. doi:10.1155/2019/6705424. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31007603/