Mir335, a microRNA, is involved in multiple biological processes. It plays a role in maintaining the balance of insulin exocytosis in pancreatic β -cells, and is associated with metabolic homeostasis pathways [3]. In addition, it may function as an oncogene or tumor-suppressor gene in cancers, influencing tumor initiation, development, and metastasis [5]. Genetic models, such as gene knockout mouse models, can be valuable for further exploring its functions.

In breast cancer, reduced Mir335 expression is associated with poor prognosis, indicating its potential as a biomarker [1]. In steroid-associated osteonecrosis, tetrahedral DNA nanostructures delivering MiR335-5p can repair bone defects by targeting DKK1 and upregulating the Wnt signaling pathway [2]. In paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, exogenous expression of MIR335 in ALL cells increases sensitization to prednisolone-mediated apoptosis, and MAPK1 is a novel target of MIR335 [4].

In conclusion, Mir335 is crucial in metabolism-related biological functions and has implications in various disease areas. Its study using gene knockout models has revealed its significance in breast cancer prognosis, bone defect repair in steroid-associated osteonecrosis, and the treatment of paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. These findings provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies for these diseases.

References:

1. Bertoli, Gloria, Cava, Claudia, Castiglioni, Isabella. 2015. MicroRNAs: New Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Therapy Prediction and Therapeutic Tools for Breast Cancer. In Theranostics, 5, 1122-43. doi:10.7150/thno.11543. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26199650/

2. Li, Donghai, Yang, Zhouyuan, Luo, Yue, Tian, Meng, Kang, Pengde. 2021. Delivery of MiR335-5p-Pendant Tetrahedron DNA Nanostructures Using an Injectable Heparin Lithium Hydrogel for Challenging Bone Defects in Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis. In Advanced healthcare materials, 11, e2101412. doi:10.1002/adhm.202101412. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34694067/

3. Vienberg, S, Geiger, J, Madsen, S, Dalgaard, L T. 2016. MicroRNAs in metabolism. In Acta physiologica (Oxford, England), 219, 346-361. doi:10.1111/apha.12681. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27009502/

4. Yan, Junli, Jiang, Nan, Huang, Gaofeng, Yeoh, Allen E J, Chng, Wee-Joo. 2013. Deregulated MIR335 that targets MAPK1 is implicated in poor outcome of paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In British journal of haematology, 163, 93-103. doi:10.1111/bjh.12489. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23888996/

5. Ye, Lingling, Wang, Fen, Wu, Hao, Wang, Jinyan, Zhang, Quan An. 2021. Functions and Targets of miR-335 in Cancer. In OncoTargets and therapy, 14, 3335-3349. doi:10.2147/OTT.S305098. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34045870/