Trmt11 is a gene encoding a protein that is part of the methyltransferase family. It is allosterically regulated by human TRMT112 and is involved in N2-methylguanosine (m2G) modification of tRNAs. m2G modifications on non-coding RNAs like tRNAs are crucial for cell proliferation, protein translation, and thus play a significant role in gene expression regulation [1].

One key finding is that TRMT11 is a direct partner of TRMT112, and together with other associated methyltransferases, it forms a network. TRMT11 has been identified as an active m2G methyltransferase, specifically methylating position 10 of tRNAs, which is important for optimal protein synthesis and cell proliferation [1]. Also, gene fusions involving Trmt11, such as TRMT11-GRIK2, have been found in multiple cancer types including breast, colon, non-small cell lung, esophageal adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, ovarian, and liver cancers, as well as in lymph node metastatic cancer samples from the breast, colon, and ovary, indicating potential biological and clinical implications in cancer patient management [2].

In conclusion, Trmt11 is essential for tRNA m2G modification, which is vital for protein synthesis and cell proliferation. The discovery of its gene fusions in various cancers through in vivo-like studies on cancer samples highlights its potential significance in cancer-related biological processes. Understanding Trmt11's functions may offer new insights into the mechanisms of cell growth regulation and cancer development [1,2].

References:

1. Wang, Can, Ulryck, Nathalie, Herzel, Lydia, Bohnsack, Katherine E, Graille, Marc. . N 2-methylguanosine modifications on human tRNAs and snRNA U6 are important for cell proliferation, protein translation and pre-mRNA splicing. In Nucleic acids research, 51, 7496-7519. doi:10.1093/nar/gkad487. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37283053/

2. Yu, Yan-Ping, Liu, Peng, Nelson, Joel, Tseng, George, Luo, Jian-Hua. 2019. Identification of recurrent fusion genes across multiple cancer types. In Scientific reports, 9, 1074. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-38550-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30705370/