MYNN, also known as myoneurin, encodes a BTB/POZ and zinc finger protein. It plays a significant role in regulating BMP signaling. In the BMP signaling pathway, Mynn interacts with Smad proteins in the nucleus, disrupting the association between Smad and the phosphatase Ppm1a, thus preventing Smad dephosphorylation. This regulation is crucial for tissue formation and organogenesis, such as in pharyngeal cartilage formation [2].

In a Turkish population, the polymorphism rs10936599 of MYNN was found to be in linkage disequilibrium with SNPs in the 3q26.2 chromosomal region, which also includes the TERC gene. The rs10936599 polymorphism of MYNN was strongly associated with bladder cancer risk. Patients with the CT genotype and CT+TT genotype combination had a decreased risk, while the CC genotype had a two-fold increased risk. The C-G haplotypes of two polymorphisms (MYNN rs10936599 and TERC rs2293607) were also significantly related to bladder cancer risk [1]. In addition, MYNN rs10936599 was associated with survival in colorectal cancer patients, suggesting it may influence disease progression [3].

In summary, MYNN is essential for regulating BMP signaling during tissue development. Its genetic polymorphisms are associated with bladder and colorectal cancer, highlighting its significance in understanding the genetic mechanisms of these diseases. Studies on MYNN contribute to a deeper understanding of disease-related genetic factors, potentially paving the way for better diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment strategies.

References:

1. Polat, Fikriye, Yilmaz, Meral, Budak Diler, Songul. 2019. The Association of MYNN and TERC Gene Polymorphisms and Bladder Cancer in a Turkish Population. In Urology journal, 16, 50-55. doi:10.22037/uj.v0i0.4083. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30120764/

2. Yang, Shuyan, Ning, Guozhu, Hou, Yiming, Zhang, Ting, Wang, Qiang. 2022. Myoneurin regulates BMP signaling by competing with Ppm1a for Smad binding. In iScience, 25, 104495. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104495. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35712083/

3. Song, Nan, Kim, Kyeezu, Shin, Aesun, Zheng, Wei, Oh, Jae Hwan. 2018. Colorectal cancer susceptibility loci and influence on survival. In Genes, chromosomes & cancer, 57, 630-637. doi:10.1002/gcc.22674. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30350386/