ADAM33, a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33, is highly associated with asthma. It may play a role in airway remodeling and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and is expressed in epithelium, myo/fibroblasts, and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), potentially promoting angiogenesis and stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation [1,4,5].

ADAM33 polymorphisms have been widely studied in relation to asthma and other respiratory diseases. Meta-analyses have found that polymorphisms such as T2, Q1, F+1, and the AA genotype of T+1 in ADAM33 are associated with asthma risk in the total population, especially among Asian populations. Some polymorphisms like T2, F+1, and ST+4 are related to childhood asthma, while Q1 and V4 are associated with adult asthma. Also, ADAM33 T1, T2, V4, and Q-1 polymorphisms may be risk factors for allergic rhinitis. In addition, the F+1 polymorphism of ADAM33 may increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among the Asian population [2,3,6,7].

In conclusion, ADAM33 is a gene with significant implications for respiratory diseases, especially asthma. Its polymorphisms are associated with disease susceptibility and severity in different populations and age groups. Understanding ADAM33's role through genetic studies helps in uncovering the mechanisms of these diseases and may provide potential targets for treatment [1,2,4,5,7-10].

References:

1. Sleziak, Jakub, Gawor, Antoni, Błażejewska, Marta, Antosz, Katarzyna, Gomułka, Krzysztof. 2024. ADAM33's Role in Asthma Pathogenesis: An Overview. In International journal of molecular sciences, 25, . doi:10.3390/ijms25042318. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38396994/

2. Li, Hui-Fang, Yan, Li-Ping, Wang, Kun, Liu, Hai-Xian, Tan, Wei. 2019. Association between ADAM33 polymorphisms and asthma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. In Respiratory research, 20, 38. doi:10.1186/s12931-019-1006-1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791911/

3. Xu, Yu, Zhang, Ji-Xiang. 2014. ADAM33 polymorphisms and susceptibility to allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis. In European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 272, 597-605. doi:10.1007/s00405-014-3130-3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24908071/

4. Tripathi, Priya, Awasthi, Shally, Gao, Peisong. 2014. ADAM metallopeptidase domain 33 (ADAM33): a promising target for asthma. In Mediators of inflammation, 2014, 572025. doi:10.1155/2014/572025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24817794/

5. Holgate, Stephen T, Yang, Youwen, Haitchi, Hans-Michael, Cakebread, Julie, Davies, Donna E. . The genetics of asthma: ADAM33 as an example of a susceptibility gene. In Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 3, 440-3. doi:. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16799089/

6. Feng, Hong-Hong, Mao, Lu, Pan, Kai, Zhang, Ling, Rui, Dong-Sheng. 2019. Association between F+1 polymorphism in a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) gene and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility: An evidence-based meta-analysis. In Gene, 719, 144009. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2019.144009. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31357020/

7. Liang, Siqiao, Wei, Xuan, Gong, Chen, Chen, Zhangrong, Deng, Jingmin. 2013. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) gene polymorphisms and the risk of asthma: a meta-analysis. In Human immunology, 74, 648-57. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2013.01.025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23380143/