Slc16a1, also known as monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), is a proton-dependent transporter that functions as a lactate transporter [2]. It is involved in multiple biological processes by mediating the transmembrane transport of monocarboxylates, which impacts cellular metabolism and communication. This gene is also a significant determinant in the absorption, renal reabsorption, and brain and tissue uptake of substances like gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) [2].

In the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCC exosomal SLC16A1-AS1 (antisense RNA of SLC16A1) enhances SLC16A1 mRNA stabilization in macrophages. As a lactate transporter, SLC16A1 then accelerates lactate influx, activating the c-Raf/ERK signaling pathway to induce M2 polarization of macrophages. This reciprocal signaling between HCC cells and M2 macrophages promotes the proliferation, invasion, and glycolysis of HCC cells [1].

In summary, Slc16a1 is a crucial lactate transporter involved in important biological processes and has implications in cancer progression, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies related to Slc16a1, such as those in the HCC context, help us understand its role in disease-related cellular communication and metabolic regulation, potentially providing new targets for cancer treatment.

References:

1. Hu, Yuhang, Li, Yang, Xiong, Hewei, Lv, Guozheng, Zhao, Gang. 2024. Exosomal SLC16A1-AS1-induced M2 macrophages polarization facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression. In International journal of biological sciences, 20, 4341-4363. doi:10.7150/ijbs.94440. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39247822/

2. Felmlee, Melanie A, Morse, Bridget L, Morris, Marilyn E. 2021. γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Toxicology. In The AAPS journal, 23, 22. doi:10.1208/s12248-020-00543-z. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33417072/