TMED1, also known as p24γ1, is a member of the transmembrane emp24 domain-containing (TMED) protein family. These proteins are key regulators in intracellular protein transport, being abundant in the early secretory pathway sub-compartments like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and intermediate compartment, and are essential for bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi [1,3].

In colorectal cancer (CRC), multi-omics analysis showed that highly expressed TMED1 was related to poor prognosis. Knocking down TMED1 reduced cell growth and increased apoptosis. Its expression was positively correlated with other TMED family members in CRC, and was associated with immune cell infiltration and drug resistance [2]. In C. elegans, tmed-1, along with tmed-3 from the γ subfamily, was found to be involved in embryonic viability, animal movement, vulval morphology, and basement membrane breakdown during vulva development, with tmed-1 and tmed-3 able to compensate for each other [4].

In conclusion, TMED1 plays crucial roles in protein vesicular trafficking and is involved in important biological processes such as development and disease-related events like in CRC. Studies in model organisms like C. elegans and in disease-specific cell models for CRC have revealed its functions, which may provide insights for understanding disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.

References:

1. Mota, Danielly C A M, Cardoso, Iara A, Mori, Renan M, Costa-Filho, Antonio J, Mendes, Luis F S. 2021. Structural and thermodynamic analyses of human TMED1 (p24γ1) Golgi dynamics. In Biochimie, 192, 72-82. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2021.10.002. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34634369/

2. Guo, Xin, Zhou, Wei, Jin, Jinmei, Zhang, Lijun, Luan, Xin. 2024. Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Identifies Transmembrane p24 Trafficking Protein 1 (TMED1) as a Potential Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer. In Biology, 13, . doi:10.3390/biology13020083. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38392302/

3. Zhou, Lv, Li, Huaixu, Yao, Hui, Gao, Peng, Cheng, Hongwei. 2023. TMED family genes and their roles in human diseases. In International journal of medical sciences, 20, 1732-1743. doi:10.7150/ijms.87272. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37928880/

4. Navarro, Kristen G, Chamberlin, Helen M. 2023. Genetic characterization of C. elegans TMED genes. In Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 252, 1149-1161. doi:10.1002/dvdy.601. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37204056/