Pltp, or Phospholipid Transfer Protein, is a lipid transfer glycoprotein that binds to and transfers amphipathic lipids between circulating lipoproteins, as well as between lipoproteins, cells and tissues [1,2]. It is a major determinant of the plasma levels, turnover and functionality of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), thus playing a key role in lipid transfer, lipoprotein metabolism [1,2,3]. Additionally, it is involved in modulating the immune response, relevant to inflammatory diseases [1].

Using Pltp knockout (Pltp-/-) mouse models, researchers found that Pltp deficiency protects against high-fat-diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Pltp-/-mice had enhanced phosphorylated insulin receptor and Akt levels in livers, adipose tissues, and muscles after insulin stimulation, along with more GLUT4 protein in the plasma membranes of adipocytes and muscle cells. Also, Pltp-deficient hepatocytes had less sphingomyelins and free cholesterols in the lipid rafts and plasma membranes, which may underlie the increase in insulin sensitivity [4].

In conclusion, Pltp is crucial for lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and immune response modulation. The Pltp knockout mouse model has revealed its role in obesity and insulin resistance, suggesting that targeting Pltp could potentially be a therapeutic strategy for related metabolic disorders.