Tgfbi, also known as transforming growth factor-β-induced gene, encodes an extracellular matrix protein, TGFBIp. TGFBIp is involved in multiple biological processes. It has been associated with various pathways, and its functions include roles in cell-matrix interactions, tissue development, and repair [2]. Genetic models, such as gene knockout mouse models, are valuable for studying its functions.

In pancreatic cancer, TGFBI produced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promotes M2 polarization of macrophages, which in turn stimulates pancreatic cancer growth. Loss-of-function of TGFBI in macrophages, both in vitro (using siRNA) and in vivo (using Cre-Lox strategy in TGFBI-floxed mice), inhibited M2 polarization, reduced macrophage-mediated pancreatic cancer growth, improved anti-tumor immunity, and sensitized pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy [1]. In breast cancer, deletion of Tgfbi in a mouse model led to a decrease in cancer stem cell (CSC) content and lung metastasis. Lack of TGFBI resulted in tumor vessel normalization, improved vessel perfusion, and decreased hypoxia, factors controlling CSCs and metastasis [3].

In conclusion, Tgfbi plays crucial roles in various biological processes and disease conditions. The use of gene knockout mouse models has revealed its significance in pancreatic and breast cancer, among others. These studies provide insights into Tgfbi's functions and suggest potential therapeutic targets for these malignancies.