Gpr180, also known as intimal thickness-related receptor (ITR), is a member of the Golgi-dynamics domain seven-transmembrane helix protein family [4,6]. It is involved in multiple biological functions. Gpr180 is part of the TGFβ signalling pathway, regulating thermogenic adipocyte function and glucose homeostasis [1]. It also impacts lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and the liver [2,3,5].

In adipocyte-specific Gpr180 knockout mice, lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) were exacerbated, indicating Gpr180's role in suppressing lipid accumulation in adipocytes [2]. Gpr180 knockout mice showed ameliorated hepatic and plasma lipid levels without influencing glucose metabolism after HFD intake, suggesting its role in hepatic lipid metabolism via downregulation of mTORC1 signaling [3]. Hepatic Gpr180 deficiency in mice, achieved through different approaches, decreased triglyceride and cholesterol contents in the liver and plasma, increased energy metabolism, and reduced adiposity [5].

In conclusion, Gpr180 plays crucial roles in lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and thermogenic adipocyte function. The gene knockout mouse models have revealed its significance in metabolic disorders such as obesity and fatty liver disease, providing potential insights for developing therapeutic strategies targeting these diseases.